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1011 problems

Open problems

Each problem states how progress is verified and what counts as a contribution. Besides the problems curated here, the catalogue includes open conjectures from Formal Conjectures (with Lean statements), optimization constants and the AlphaEvolve problems. Know one that belongs here? Propose a problem.

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C Grand challenge Theoretical physics

Yang–Mills existence and mass gap

Prove that for every compact simple gauge group a non-trivial quantum Yang–Mills theory exists on R^4 and has a mass gap Δ > 0 (Clay Millennium Prize Problem).

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