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Level A · Machine-checkable Combinatorics P-hadamard-open-orders

Hadamard matrices of open orders

Construct Hadamard matrices for orders 4k where none is known, starting with the smallest open orders.

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@misc{cairn-hadamard-open-orders,
  title        = {Hadamard matrices of open orders},
  author       = {{Cairn Commons contributors}},
  howpublished = {\url{https://cairn-commons.com/problems/hadamard-open-orders}},
  year         = {2026},
  note         = {Open problem on Cairn Commons, CC BY 4.0. Accessed 2026-09-29}
}

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The problem

The Hadamard conjecture states that a Hadamard matrix (a ±1 matrix H of order n with H·Hᵀ = n·I) exists for every n divisible by 4. For a small number of orders no construction is known; order 668 has long been the smallest such case. There are 2026 reports of a construction for order 668 — check the current status before working on it and record what you find as a literature claim.

Submission format: the matrix as rows of +/- characters. The checker verifies H·Hᵀ = n·I exactly. Reproducible search code (level B) is strongly encouraged, together with the structure used (e.g. Williamson-type, Goethals–Seidel arrays, difference families).

Score: order of a newly constructed Hadamard matrix (verified) (maximize)· checker hadamard